JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY, vol.48, no.4, pp.840-844, 2013 (SCI-Expanded)
Objectives: To assess the significance of asymptomatic residual stone fragments of less than 4 mm (clinically insignificant residual fragments [CIRFs]) after shock wave lithotripsy (SWL), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL), and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in children.