Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Congress of Hydatilogy, Edirne, Türkiye, 2 - 05 Ekim 2024, ss.140, (Özet Bildiri)
EVALUATION
OF IN VITRO EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT AGENTS ON HYDATID CYST SCOLICES
Furkan AYAN, Ertan BULBULOGLU,
Semra OZCELİK, Mahfuz ELMASTAS, Ali TOPRAK
Objective: Hydatid cyst is a
common zoonotic disease that primarily affects the liver, typically caused by
Echinococcus granulosus (1). Treatment options include follow-up,
medical therapy, percutaneous procedures, and surgery (2). The recurrence rates
vary among these treatments. To reduce recurrence rates, scolocidal agents are
injected into the cyst during surgery and percutaneous intervention procedures.
Hypertonic saline and ethanol are commonly used for injection, but there are
also other agents with proven scolocidal activity (3). However, the agents used
in intra-cystic injections can have unwanted side effects. The scolocidal agent
used in intra-cystic injections should have high scolocidal activity, be effective
in a short time, and have no undesirable side effects (4). Therefore, this
study aims to contribute to the search for new scolocidal agents.
Materials and Methods: During the operation
of a patient with a liver cyst consistent with Gharbi type 3 hydatid cyst, cyst
fluid and daughter cysts were collected. Daughter cysts were opened within the aspirated cyst
fluid, and all the cyst contents were collected in glass cylinders.
Protoscoleces were washed with phosphate-buffered saline. After a certain
period, the protoscoleces settled, and the supernatant was discarded. Viability
of protoscoleces was confirmed by their failure to be stained with eosin and
their motility. In the examination 200,000 protoscoleces/cc were counted and the viability
rate of over 95% was determined. Methanol extracts of Cinchona officinalis, Camellia sinensis,
Commiphora molmol, and Artemisia annua were prepared in three different
concentrations (25 mg/ml, 12.5 mg/ml, and 6.25 mg/ml) dissolved in dimethyl
sulfoxide. Dimethyl sulfoxide and 20% hypertonic saline were used as control
groups. 0,05 ml of each concentration of the agent to be tested was
dispensed into wells of a well plate, and 0,05 ml of cyst fluid containing
protoscoleces was added on top. The counts were performed by dropping 0,01% eosin
solution onto slides together with each plant extract at 5, 15, and 25 minutes
under a light microscope. Dead protoscoleces were stained red with eosin, while living
protoscoleces were not stained. Each experiment was repeated three times. The
number of dead scolices found under the light microscope was calculated as a
percentage of the total scolices to determine the scolocidal activity.
Results: Extracts of Camellia
sinensis and Commiphora molmol did not exhibit effective scolocidal activity. Artemisia
annua extract, at a concentration of 25 mg/ml, reached its highest effect at 25
minutes, with an average scolocidal activity of 87.25% at this time. The
highest scolocidal activity was demonstrated by the Cinchona officinalis
extract. When used at a concentration of 25 mg/ml, it was consistently more
effective than 20% hypertonic saline across all time points and was the only
agent to achieve 100% scolocidal activity at 25 minutes. The average scolocidal
activity of 20% hypertonic saline was calculated to be 62.8% at 5 minutes,
76.95% at 15 minutes, and 89.65% at 25 minutes.
Conclusion: This in vitro study
demonstrates that Cinchona officinalis and Artemisia annua could serve as
alternative scolocidal agents in the treatment of hydatid cysts.
Keywords: Hydatid cyst, artemisia, cinchona
References:
1.
Wen H, Vuitton L, Tuxun T, Li J,
Vuitton DA, Zhang W, et al. Echinococcosis: Advances in the 21st Century. Clin
Microbiol Rev. 2019 Mar 20;32(2).
2.
Brunetti E, Kern P, Vuitton DA,
Writing Panel for the WHO-IWGE. Expert consensus for the diagnosis and
treatment of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis in humans. Acta Trop. 2010
Apr;114(1):1–16.
3.
Eckert J, International Office of
Epizootics., World Health Organization. WHO/OIE manual on echinococcosis in
humans and animals : a public health problem of global concern. World
Organisation for Animal Health; 2001. 265 p.
4.
Moazeni M, Nazer A. In vitro
effectiveness of garlic (Allium sativum) extract on scolices of hydatid cyst.
World J Surg. 2010 Nov;34(11):2677–81.